<p>The Lemont Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Lemont, College Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic district includes 103 contributing buildings that are located in Lemont. The district is almost exclusively residential with a few community buildings. Notable dwellings include the William Williams House (1840s), Dr. Benjamin Berry House (1835), J.J. Hahn House and Store (1850s), the Lemont Schoolhouse (1870s), John I. Thompson House (1880s), and Dr. J.Y. Dale House (1871). Notable non-residential buildings include the Thompson and Company Bank Building (1868), Spring Creek Presbyterian Church, and the former Lemont Methodist Church.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Oak Hall Historic District is a national historic district that is located in College Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This district includes seventeen contributing buildings and three contributing structures that are located in Oak Hall. The district includes the mansion house that was once owned by General James Irvin, the Irvin stone barn (c. 1825), and a grist mill site. The Irvin Mansion was built circa 1825, and is a -story, five-bay, limestone house with a center hall plan and gable roof. It features a mix of Georgian and Late Victorian style details.</p><br>
<p>Associated with the mansion are a small shed, a wagon shed/ice house, a smokehouse, and an privy. The remains of the grist mill were rebuilt as a residence in 1961.</p><br>
<p>Also located in the district are the Johnstonbaugh House (c. 1825), Benjamin Peters House (c. 1860), and Garman House (1866).</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Boalsburg Historic District is a national historic district located in the village of Boalsburg in Harris Township Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. The district includes 140 contributing buildings in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Boalsburg. The district is characterized by a predominance of Georgian and Victorianized-Georgian buildings dated from 1803 to 1870. Notable non-residential buildings include the David Boal Tavern , Wolf&#39;s Inn , and Boalsburg Tavern . Located in the district is the separately listed Boal Mansion.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Millheim Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Millheim, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The district includes 176 contributing buildings that are located in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Millheim. Among the residential building types present are the simple "I"-type, Georgian "I"-type, Victorianized "I"-type, connected or double type, gable-end oriented type, bungalow, and eclectic cube type. Notable non-residential buildings include the Millheim School, a mill (1817), and a silk mill (c. 1900).</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>Milheim PA Main St.jpgHouse on Main Street</p><br>
<p>Bar Milheim PA.jpgBar on Main Street</p><br>
<p>USPO Milheim PA.jpgPost office</p><br>
<p>Plank house Milheim PA.jpgPlank house</p><br>
<p>Former UCC church Milheim PA.jpgFormer Reformed church</p><br>
<p>The Philipsburg Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Philipsburg, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This district includes 228 contributing buildings and two contributing sites that are located in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Philipsburg. The oldest house is the John Henry Simler House (1807). Notable non-residential buildings include the Town Hall (1887), USA Post Office (1935), Union Church (1820-1840), St. Paul&#39;s Episcopal Church (1911), First Presbyterian Church (1908), and New Life Center Church (1893).</p><br>
<p>The contributing sites are two small parks that are situated at the center of Philipsburg. Also located in the district are the separately listed Hardman Philips House, Rowland Theater, and Union Church and Burial Ground.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Harris Switch Tower, also known as HG Tower or Harris Tower, is an interlocking tower in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania in the United States. The tower was built in 1929 by the Pennsylvania Railroad and remained in operation until it was closed in 1991 by Amtrak. Harris was purchased by the local chapter of the National Railway Historical Society in 1992 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>Harris Tower is a two-story, Colonial Revival-structure located at 7th & Walnut Streets in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It is situated southeast of the Pennsylvania State Capitol Complex and between the State Street Bridge and the Harrisburg Transportation Center. Its Flemish bond brickwork sits atop a partially exposed, concrete foundation; the stories are visually separated by a soldier course.</p><br>
<p>The second floor contains the towers interlocking machine, used to control signals and switches. The Union Switch & Signal Model 14 machine contains many steel bars that interlock with one another to prevent conflicts and sudden changes that could cause a derailment The machine is 24 ft long, 6 ft wide and 4 ft tall. The front has 113 levers which were used to control all of the switches and signals in Harris Towers territory. A 4 ft tall model board is mounted above the machine. More than 450 indicator lamps of the model board show the current position of switches, locations of trains within the interlocking limits, and whether the overhead electric catenary is energized.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Pennsylvania Railroad completed its main line across the Allegheny Mountains, connecting Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, in 1854. By the 1870s, the Pennsylvania had connected New York City to Chicago and St. Louis; consequently, all freight and passenger traffic from New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, D.C., had to pass through Harrisburg before heading west. Harris Tower, then called HG Tower from its call sign when railroad communications were sent via telegraph, was built in 1929. It replaced three nearby towers that had been constructed in 1889. The consolidation reduced the manpower needed to control the 3,300 ft and 15 sets of tracks north of Pennsylvania Station from 21 to 12. Harris Tower was put into service on April 26, 1930.</p><br>
<p>Some of the tracks controlled by Harris were removed, and the model board revised, when a new engine terminal was built in conjunction with the electrification of the line between Harrisburg and Philadelphia in 1938. The territory controlled by Harris Tower marked the western end of the electrification of the Pennsylvania Railroad&#39;s passenger lines. The engine terminal assisted in the switching of electric locomotives to steam or diesel locomotives for the trip west of Harrisburg. The Pennsylvania merged with the New York Central Railroad in 1968 to form Penn Central. In 1971, Amtrak took over intercity passenger service from Penn Central and also took possession of many ex-Pennsylvania Railroad tracks and facilities, including Harris Tower. Penn Central was taken over by Conrail in 1976. Conrail modernized its signalling control system in 1989 and consolidated it into a centralized traffic control facility located north of Harrisburg. Consequently, Harris Tower was reduced to controlling only four Amtrak trains a day. Amtrak combined the functions of Harris Tower with the nearby State Tower located in the Harrisburg Transportation Center on November 15, 1991, and closed the tower.</p><br>
<h3>Current operations</h3><br>
<p>On July 24, 1992, the Harrisburg chapter of the National Railway Historical Society purchased Harris Tower from Amtrak. The chapter opened the tower to the public as a museum, as well as allow visitors to operate the interlocking machine. Instead of controlling a network of signals and switches, it is connected to a computer which simulates train movements through the interlocking. The simulation uses Pennsylvania Railroad timetables from the early 1940s when the rail traffic at the tower was busiest. The tower is popular with railfans as an observation point for the numerous Amtrak and Norfolk Southern trains that regularly pass it. The tower was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 30, 1994.</p><br>
<p>The Eagle Borax Works in Death Valley, California was established near Bennetts Well in 1882 by Isidore Daunet, J.M. McDonald, M. Harmon and C.C. Blanch to mine the borate deposits that Daunet discovered there in 1880. The partnership established the first borax works in the valley. Partly refined borax was hauled to Daggett, California through the Panamint Valley using 12-mule teams hauling two wagons. The extraction business operated until 1884 when problems mounted and Daunet killed himself. The property eventually passed to the USA Borax Company, which kept it as a mining reserve, then to Borax Consolidated, Ltd. in 1922. The property was sold to the Death Valley Hotel Company in 1956, and finally to the National Park Service.</p><br>
<p>Little remains of the structures but ruins. The works originally included a boiler, a tank for dissolved borax, and open tanks for crystallization of the borax. A stone building stood nearby to house the workers. The boiler fire box remains, along with an earth mound at the site of the building.</p><br>
<h2>Isidore Daunet</h2><br>
<p>Isidore Daunet (1850–1884) was a French emigrant to the United States, who arrived at the age of ten, coming to San Francisco and becoming a prospector at the age of 13. Daunet discovered the borax deposit during a disastrous 1880 crossing of Death Valley, in which three of his companions died, and Daunet survived only by killing one of the party&#39;s animals and drinking its blood. After establishing the borax company in 1882, he fell into business trouble. His wife gave notice of her intention to divorce him, and Daunet was swindled out of $11,000. He committed suicide in May 1884.</p><br>
<p>The site of the borax works was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 31, 1974. The site is within Death Valley National Park.</p><br>
<p>College Heights Historic District is a national historic district located at State College, Centre County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 278 contributing buildings in an almost exclusively middle-class residential area of State College. The district reflects the growth and architecture of State College as an emerging college town. The houses are largely wood frame and reflect a number of popular early-20th-century architectural styles including Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and Bungalow.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Holmes–Foster–Highlands Historic District is a national historic district located in State College, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The district includes 727 contributing buildings located in two residential areas of State College: Holmes–Foster and the Highlands. The district reflects the growth and development of State College as an emerging college town.</p><br>
<p>The houses are largely wood frame and exhibit a number of popular early twentieth-century architectural styles including Colonial Revival, Tudor Revival, and Bungalow. Non-residential buildings include two schools, three churches, a few shops, and the high school football stadium, Memorial Field. Also located in the district is the separately listed Camelot.</p><br>
<p>Farmers High School is a national historic district located on the campus of the Pennsylvania State University in University Park / State College, Centre County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 37 contributing buildings and 1 contributing object in the Old Campus area of Penn State. The district includes Old Main , the Faculty Club , Nittany Lion Inn , Recreation Hall , West Halls Complex , University Club , the Presidents Mansion , Pattee Library , Schwab Auditorium , and a number of fraternities, sororities, and classroom buildings. The buildings reflect a number of popular early-20th-century architectural styles including Colonial Revival, Classical Revival, and Georgian Revival. A focal point of the district is the Nittany Lion Shrine .</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<p>The M-28–Sand River Bridge is a bridge located on M-28 over the Sand River in Onota Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The M-28–Sand River Bridge was designed by the Michigan State Highway Department in 1939 to carry what was then M-94 over the Sand River. The Alpine Excavating Company of St. Ignace, Michigan, was awarded the construction contract, and soon began work on the substructural excavation. On June 16, 1939, a surge of water from Lake Superior flooded the abutment cofferdams, and extensive repairs had to be made. However, the bridge was completed later that year, and has carried traffic since. A later route change redesignated the roadway as part of M-28.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The bridge carrying M-28 over the Sand River is a medium-span concrete bridge 56 ft long and 40.4 ft wide supported by concrete abutments. The span has a shallow arch, 4 ft thick at the abutments and 1 ft at the center of the span. It has a so-called rigid-frame construction, which was a new development by the highway department at the time the bridge was built. The bridge has concrete and steel guardrails and horizontal Art Moderne scoring on the sidewalls of the abutments. Despite its age, the bridge remains in excellent condition.</p><br>
<p>The Old M-94–Au Train River Bridge is a bridge located on Wolkoff Road over the Au Train River in Au Train Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999,</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Michigan State Highway Department (MSHD) first published standard designs in 1907–1908. Among these standards were plans for steel plate through girder bridges intended for mid-size spans of 30 to 60 ft. This style of girder bridge was used in the state with some moderate frequency between 1908 and 1915, including on this bridge, built in 1914.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built by Alger County or Au Train Township as part of construction work on what was then a secondary road running along the Lake Superior shoreline between Munising and Au Train. A 19th century-syle substructure was used to support the bridge, and the superstructure was fabricated in Milwaukee, Wisconsin by the Worden-Allen Company to the specifications of the MSHD bridge standards. The bridge reportedly cost $35,000.</p><br>
<p>The road along the shore and the Au Train River bridge were later incorporated into M-94, which was redesignated as M-28 in the 1930s. M-28 was later rerouted, leaving the bridge once again on a secondary road. The bridge was later closed to vehicular traffic, and is currently partially blocked by 55-gallon drums and steel railing, limiting it to pedestrian and snowmobile traffic.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Old M-94–Au Train River Bridge uses a 60 ft span MSHD standard through girder bridge design to carry Wolkoff Road over the Au Train River. The structure has a single plate girder span, with a steel stringer approach span on each end. The stringers are supported by concrete abutments and concrete-filled steel cylinder piers. The main span consistes of two 60 ft through girders, joined by four I-beams underneath.</p><br>
<p>Curtin Village, also known as Eagle Ironworks, is a national historic district located in Boggs Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. The district includes eighteen contributing buildings and three contributing structures in Curtin.</p><br>
<h2>History and features</h2><br>
<p>This historic district is composed of buildings and structures related to an ironworks dating back to 1810, when the village was founded by Roland Curtin, Sr., father of Pennsylvanias Civil War-era governor Andrew Gregg Curtin, and Miles Boggs. It includes an iron masters mansion (1830), a late-19th century Victorian style dwelling, the Eagle Furnace stack (1847), the remains of a grist mill, a number of worker&#39;s houses, and an overgrown canal basin. The Eagle Ironworks closed in 1921.</p><br>
<p>The area continues to be conserved by historic preservationists. Owned by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, it is operated as the Curtin Village at Eagle Ironworks Historical Site by the Roland Curtin Foundation.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.</p><br>
<p>The Potter–Allison Farm is an historic, American farm complex and national historic district that is located in Potter Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This district includes nine contributing buildings and one contributing site in Centre Hall. The district includes the Potter–Allison House, a nineteenth-century wood barn, and a variety of outbuildings, including a hog barn, equipment buildings, a corn crib, a stone slaughterhouse, and a springhouse. Also located on the property are the remains of milling and tanning operations.</p><br>
<p>The Georgian-style house was built circa 1817, with a Victorian section added sometime during the 1850s. It is a two-and-one-half-story brick dwelling.</p><br>
<p>The property was originally owned and developed by General James Potter (1729–1789), who built a log cabin and grist mill.</p><br>
<p>The property was acquired by the locally prominent Allison family in 1849.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Denis Julien Inscription was left on a rock face in along the Green River in Moffat County, Colorado by Denis Julien, a French-American trapper who was one of the few Europeans in the area in the 1830s. Julien made a practice of leaving his mark on locations along the Green and Colorado rivers, leaving at least eight such marks. Four, including the Colorado mark, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The inscription reads:</p><br>
<p>DJ 1838</p><br>
<p>It is about 5 ft above normal water level, but below flood level. The inscription is located in Whirlpool Canyon in what is now Dinosaur National Monument. The inscription was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Earl Douglass Workshop-Laboratory was used by Earl Douglass, the discoverer of the dinosaur bone deposits at the dinosaur quarry in Dinosaur National Monument, to preserve, study and prepare fossil specimens. Located next to the quarry adjacent to the Quarry Visitor Center, the workshop is a 10.5 ft by 13.17 ft stone shed with a flat soil roof, built into the hillside. It was built about 1920 by Carnegie Museum of Natural History personnel who were working at the site in eastern Utah.</p><br>
<p>The workshop was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 16, 1986.</p><br>
<p>Bellefonte Armory is a historic National Guard armory located at Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was built in 1930, and consists of an administration building and stable building executed in the Colonial Revival style. Both buildings are constructed of brick and have slate hipped roofs.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by American architect Joseph F. Kuntz.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>Brockerhoff Hotel is a historic hotel located at Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1866, and is a large brick building on a stone foundation, measuring 170 feet by 60 feet. The original building was executed in the Italianate style. It was renovated in the 1880s to have a mansard roof in a combined Second Empire / Queen Anne style. The roof features multicolored slate. The building was built by Henry Brockerhoff , who also built the Brockerhoff Mill.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1977. It is located in the Bellefonte Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The Centre County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located in the Bellefonte Historic District in Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>History and features</h2><br>
<p>The building is faced in stucco and has a gable roof topped by a cupola. It features a Greek Revival style entry porch with eight 26 foot high smooth faced columns with Ionic order capitals. The porch was added in 1835.</p><br>
<p>Located in the Bellefonte Historic District, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>In June 2012, it was the site of the trial of Jerry Sandusky in the Penn State sex abuse scandal.</p><br>
<p>The oldest McDonalds restaurant that is still in business operation is a drive-up hamburger stand at 10207 Lakewood Boulevard at Florence Avenue in Downey, California, United States. Opened on August 18, 1953, it is the third McDonalds restaurant outlet to be opened and is the second restaurant franchised by Richard and Maurice McDonald, before the involvement of Ray Kroc in the company. The outlet still retains the original, standardized Golden Arches façade design and is one of Downey&#39;s main tourist attractions. Along with its sign, it was deemed eligible for addition to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, although it was not added at the time because the owner objected.</p><br>
<p>The site of the first McDonald&#39;s restaurant in San Bernardino, California is now occupied by an outlet that is the de facto headquarters of the Juan Pollo chicken restaurant chain, with an unofficial museum nearby.</p><br>
<h2>History of the oldest operating McDonald&#39;s in Downey, California</h2><br>
<p>The original owners of the Downey, California McDonalds were Roger Williams, the brother-in-law of McDonalds first franchisee Neil Fox, and his business partner Bud Landon. Williams and Fox worked for Occidental Petroleum and used their expertise in siting Occidental gasoline stations in choosing the location. Like the McDonald brothers other franchisees, they were required to use Stanley Clark Mestons design.</p><br>
<p>The purchase of the chain from the McDonald brothers by Ray Kroc did not affect the Downey restaurant, as it was franchised under an agreement with the McDonald brothers, not with Krocs company McDonalds Systems, Inc., which later became McDonalds Corporation. As a result, the restaurant was not subject to the modernization requirements that McDonalds Corporation placed on its franchisees. Its menu came to differ from that of other McDonalds restaurants, and lacked items such as the Big Mac that were developed by the corporation. In part due to these differences, as well as a corporate McDonalds opening in the mid-1970s less than half a mile away, the restaurant suffered from poor sales, and was eventually acquired by McDonalds Corporation in 1990, when it was the only remaining McDonalds that was independent of the chain.</p><br>
<p>With low sales, damage from the 1994 Northridge earthquake, and the lack of a drive-up window and indoor seating, the restaurant was closed, and McDonalds planned to demolish it and incorporate some of its features in a modern "retro" restaurant nearby. However, it was listed on the National Trust for Historic Preservations 1994 list of the 11 Most Endangered Historic Places. With both the public and preservationists demanding the restaurant be saved, McDonald&#39;s spent two years restoring the restaurant and reopened it. Customers can visit the restored restaurant and an adjoining gift shop and museum.</p><br>
<h2>Other early McDonald&#39;s restaurants still in operation</h2><br>
<p>A restaurant built in 1962 at 2434 Almaden Road in San Jose, California, is the only other remaining early McDonalds still in operation in California, although a modern restaurant is now attached to it. This location is listed as one of the citys historic resources.</p><br>
<h2>Other early McDonald&#39;s restaurant locations</h2><br>
<h3>Original location (demolished)</h3><br>
<p>The McDonald brothers opened their first restaurant adjacent to the Monrovia Airport in 1937. It was a tiny octagonal building informally called The Airdrome. That octagonal building was later moved to 1398 North E Street in San Bernardino, California in 1940. It was originally a barbecue drive-in, but the brothers discovered that most of their profits came from hamburgers. In 1948, they closed their restaurant for three months, reopening it in December as a walk-up hamburger stand that sold hamburgers, potato chips, and orange juice; the following year, french fries and Coca-Cola were added to the menu. This simplified menu, and food preparation using assembly line principles, allowed them to sell hamburgers for 15 cents, or about half as much as at a sit-down restaurant. The restaurant was very successful, and the brothers started to franchise the concept in 1953.</p><br>
<p>The original hexagonal McDonalds hamburger stand in San Bernardino was demolished in 1953 and replaced by a building in the now familiar Golden Arches style. In an oversight, the McDonald brothers failed to retain rights to the McDonalds name when they sold the chain to Kroc, and were forced to rename it "The Big M". It went out of business and was demolished in 1972, although part of the sign remains.</p><br>
<p>The site of the original McDonald&#39;s was purchased in 1998 by Albert Okura, owner of the Juan Pollo outlet, for $135,000 in a foreclosure sale.</p><br>
<h3>Store #2 (demolished)</h3><br>
<p>The second outlet opened in North Hollywood, California on Victory Blvd on August 1, 1953, licensed by McDonald&#39;s and operated as Peaks, was demolished in 1986 for an Arby’s.</p><br>
<h3>Store #7 (no longer a McDonald&#39;s)</h3><br>
<p>The seventh McDonalds, at 1057 East Mission Boulevard in Pomona, California, opened in 1954 and closed as a McDonalds in 1968. It later became a taco stand, and as of 2020, was a doughnut shop. It is currently the second-oldest existing McDonald&#39;s building after the Downey location.</p><br>
<h3>Store #9 (demolished)</h3><br>
<p>Krocs 1955 McDonalds franchise in Des Plaines, Illinois, the 9th in the chain, was demolished in 1984, but a replica was built on the original foundation and was described as the McDonald&#39;s No. 1 Store Museum. The replica was also demolished due to repeated issues with flooding, with the sign removed in January 2018.</p><br>
<h3>Store #11 (demolished)</h3><br>
<p>The 11th McDonald&#39;s at 1900 South Central Avenue in Los Angeles, later a taco restaurant, was demolished in 2016.</p><br>
<h3>Other locations</h3><br>
<p>The site of the first franchised McDonald&#39;s restaurant in Phoenix, Arizona, opened in 1953 or 1954, is now a Yoshi’s.</p><br>
<p>An early McDonalds stood at 9100 SE Powell Boulevard in Portland, Oregon, on Southeast 91st Avenue and Powell Boulevard. It was not attached to the adjacent McDonalds but was available for party rentals. It was demolished on February 22, 2018, and the site was occupied by the expanded modernized McDonald&#39;s outlet.</p><br>
<h2>Historic signs</h2><br>
<p>An older single-arch McDonalds sign of historic significance is located outside McDonalds restaurant #91, 1587 Shawano Avenue in Green Bay, Wisconsin, dates from 1959, was restored in 2005, and still operates. The sign is located in front of a modern, retro-styled McDonald&#39;s restaurant.</p><br>
<p>A single-arch McDonalds sign at 2801 S. Olive Street, Pine Bluff, Arkansas, dating from 1962, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006 although the McDonalds at that location is modern.</p><br>
<p>Mantle&#39;s Cave is a cliff alcove in Dinosaur National Monument in Moffat County, Colorado. Located in the Castle Park region of the park, it is the largest rock shelter in the area. It was discovered before 1921 by local ranchers, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mantle. Mrs. Mantle is reported to have done some excavation of the site, followed up by the Penrose-Taylor expedition of 1933 from Colorado College and the Fountain Valley School, which designated the site "Cave One." The site is a significant resource for the Fremont culture and is among the best resources in northwestern Colorado. Excavations in the 1930s and 1940s yielded significant material on the Fremont people and their relationship to the later Ancestral Puebloans.</p><br>
<h2>Investigation</h2><br>
<p>The cave was found to have dwelling sites and granaries, with pottery shards, baskets and hunting tools recovered. An extensive excavation was undertaken by the University of Colorado Museum in 1939 and 1940, led by Charles R. Scoggin, a student assistant at the museum, and Edison P. Lohr. The survey found the most significant artifacts in small holes that were probably meant to be temporary caches, including stone and bone projectile points, stone tools, bones, beads, robe seeds, fragments of clothing and footwear and other objects. The most significant discovery was a bag containing a feathered headdress, beads and other objects. Investigations were interrupted by World War II. Scoggin was killed in action at the Anzio beachhead, Italy in 1944. Limited work resumed in 1947 and 1948 under Robert Burgh, finding little additional material. No human remains were found by either party.</p><br>
<p>The investigators concluded that the site was used primarily for storage. Little sign of long-term habitation was found, attributed to the cave&#39;s northern exposure and elevation of 5,365 ft, which would have made it an uncomfortable dwelling. Artifacts are primary associated with the Fremont culture. Excavations suggested that there was an earlier period of use, based on the finding of charcoal at depth. Excavations have not been pursued in this layer. In all, 53 built or excavated features have been identified. Several prehistoric petroglyphs and some modern graffiti exist in the alcove.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The alcove faces north. It is wider than it is deep, about 100 m wide and about 40 m deep, with an area of about 3,140 m&sup2;. It is sited about 450 m south of the Yampa River, about 100 m higher than the river. Located in Permian and Pennsylvanian Weber sandstone, the alcove stands just below the rim of a bench in the valley walls.</p><br>
<p>The artifacts collected from Mantle&#39;s Cave are conserved at the University of Colorado Museum of Natural History. The cave was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 10, 1994.</p><br>
<p>The Josie Bassett Morris Ranch Complex comprises a small complex of buildings in what is now Dinosaur National Monument in northeastern Uintah County, Utah, United States. The complex is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. It is where Josie Bassett Morris, a small-time rancher and occasional accused stock thief, lived until 1963. The ranch, located in Browns Park, Colorado, was established by the Bassett family in the 1870s. Josie grew up there, and through her family came to know a number of outlaws, including Butch Cassidy, who frequented the area. Morris established her own homestead on Cub Creek in Utah in 1914 with help from friends Fred McKnight and the Chew family.</p><br>
<h2>Josie Bassett Morris</h2><br>
<p>The Bassett family moved west from Arkansas around 1877 to establish a homestead in the west, taking their three-year-old daughter Josie. Comparatively wealthy and educated for homesteaders, they established a ranch in the Brown&#39;s Park region near the Colorado-Wyoming border. Josie married Jim McKnight at the age of 19 in 1893. In 1914 Josie and husband M.B. (Ben) Morris, without much money, established a homestead claim at Cub Creek near Split Mountain, 40 miles from the family ranch. Her son Crawford and his wife lived there for a time, and grandchildren visited.</p><br>
<p>Morris was a colorful local character, married five times and divorcing four of her husbands, and living in the cabin for over fifty years until she fell on ice and broke her hip in 1963. She died the following year at the age of 90. She was tried and acquitted for cattle rustling in her 60s and made brandy and wine from local fruit and berries during Prohibition.</p><br>
<h2>Ranch</h2><br>
<p>The ranch house started as a low square log cabin, with a kitchen added later. The house is surrounded by dependent structures, such as a chicken house, outhouse, root cellar, sheds and a small barn. A bridge provided access to the root cellar, located across the creek.</p><br>
<p>The Morris ranch complex was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 19, 1986. The National Park Service maintains an interpretive display at the site.</p><br>
<p>The Grand Canyon Inn and Campground, also known as the North Rim Inn, were built by the William W. Wylie and the Utah Parks Company as inexpensive tourist accommodations on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, in Grand Canyon National Park. Intended to complement the more expensive Grand Canyon Lodge, the cabins and Inn were located near Bright Angel Point, but father back than their more expensive counterparts, near the Grand Canyon North Rim Headquarters. The design of the cabins and the redesign of the Inn building were undertaken by architect Gilbert Stanley Underwood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>William Wylie, was an established concessioner in Yellowstone National Park, where he established Wylies Tent Camps to service automobile-borne tourists. In 1916 Wylie established a similar tent camp, the Wylie Way Camp, at Bright Angel Point with ten sleeping tents and a dining tent, operating in summer months. In 1924 management of the camp was taken over by Wylies daughter Elizabeth and her husband Thomas H. McKee. Two years later they began building permanent frame cabins, culminating in 38 frame cabins, 16 tented cabins, a central pavilion, utility buildings and a power plant before they were bought out by the Utah Parks Company.</p><br>
<p>The Utah Parks Company was a subsidiary of the Union Pacific Railroad, established to feed tourist traffic into the railroads network in the southwestern United States. The Utah Parks Company operated lodges in Zion and Bryce Canyon national parks and at Cedar Breaks National Monument. The company assigned their company architect, Gilbert Stanley Underwood, to design a new lodge on Bright Angel Point at the edge of the canyon. The Wylie camp was rebuilt under Underwoods guidance in 1929 with a new central lodge with a rustic design and new cabins identical to those offered at the main lodge. A National Park Service-operated campground was established nearby, with rustic bathhouses and an amphitheater.</p><br>
<p>Located about 1 mi back from Bright Angel Point, the Inns accommodations were less desirable than the Lodges, which were almost on the edge of the precipice. The Inn building became a dining facility, then a store. The former tourist cabins became Park Service and concessioner personnel housing.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Grand Canyon Inn building is a single-story structure measuring about 73.5 ft by 41.85 ft with irregular extensions to the rear and a smaller projection to the front. The rustic building is a "studs-out" structure with the sheathing on the inside of the exposed structural framing. The corners are marked by peeled log posts, similar to those supporting the large porch across the building&#39;s front, which has been enclosed. The building features clerestory windows between the porch roof and the main roof.</p><br>
<p>Four studs-out duplex cabins are located to the rear of the Inn. These gabled cabins were built in 1934, with an interior renovation in 1961. The duplexes are T-shaped with individual toilets adjoining in an extension. Ten more duplex cabins, built with shared toilets, are log cabins with stone front porches. They are identical to the Grand Canyon Lodge&#39;s "regular," "economy," or "standard" cabins. Another 27 cabins are exposed-frame single-family cabins. Other structures include the laundry and the firehouse, as well as a washhouse or former dormitory and a linen house.</p><br>
<p>The North Rim Campground lies just to the south of the Inn. The campground&#39;s log restrooms and stone firewood enclosures are included in the historic district for their historical integrity and architectural character.</p><br>
<p>The former Inn, cabins and campground were placed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 2, 1982.</p><br>
<p>The El Tovar Stables at the south rim of the Grand Canyon were built about 1904, at the same time the nearby El Tovar Hotel was built, to house the animals used in general transportation around the park. Collectively called the "transportation department" in the early 20th century, the three structures comprised a horse barn or stable, a mule barn and a blacksmith shop.</p><br>
<p>The horse barn is the largest of the structures. As it stands, it is about 140 ft by 60 ft, having reportedly lost 40 ft in length due to a fire at some point. The wood-frame structure is sheathed on the lower half with board-and-batten siding, with wood shingles on the upper half. The roof is covered in green asphalt shingles. The interior contains two main spaces, with an open room in the east that was probably used for wagons. The west side has two floors. The upper level was used for storage, and contains three rooms formerly used as storerooms. Downstairs are open stalls on one side and closed stalls on the other side. The building is topped by a large cupola.</p><br>
<p>The mule barn is similar to the horse barn but smaller, measuring about 90 ft by 60 ft. The interior has an upper and lower level, disposed similarly to the horse barn, except the stalls are enclosed with open ends. The mule barn has a somewhat smaller cupola than the horse barn. The blacksmith shop is an L-shaped building with a main block of 50 ft by 25 ft and an extension that projects about 35 ft. The exterior appearance matches the other two buildings. The interior is divided into three rooms, one of which contains two blacksmith&#39;s forges.</p><br>
<p>The structures continue to be used to house and support the mule trains that take visitors and supplies to the Phantom Ranch at the bottom of the Grand Canyon.</p><br>
<p>The Provo Canyon Guard Quarters is a historic building located in Provo Canyon in northeastern Utah County, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places .</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Provo Canyon Guard Quarters is an important historical site, preserving the conflict held during the Utah War, a bloodless standoff between the federal government and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints which lasted from 1857 to 1858. These guard quarters were one of three fortifications built by the Church members in response to the threat they perceived from the federal government during the Utah War. The Provo Canyon Quarters, due to its location, was not likely to be involved in any battles and was assigned a mere ten men to keep up the defenses. After the Utah War this fortification served as a station to observe Native American activity until the end of the Black Hawk Indian War in 1868, after which the Guard Quarters have served little purpose.</p><br>
<p>The Provo Canyon Guard Quarters are built off of USA Route 189 a couple hundred feet above the canyon floor and on the north side of Provo Canyon. he elevation the Guard Quarters are built upon is about 5,330 ft. Although several of the walls remain intact, much of the architecture has deteriorated, giving way to scrub oak and additional vegetation. The quarters remain easily identifiable, however.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the year 1857, president James Buchanan sent a two-thousand-five-hundred-man army into the state of Utah to fight off a rumored Mormon rebellion. There was no rebellion, however, in order to protect the Church, Brigham Young responded to this action by declaring martial law and gathering in the local militia known as the Nauvoo Legion, comprising approximately one thousand two hundred men. It was at this time that fortifications were built in Echo Canyon (Summit County, Utah), Mormon Flat, and in Provo Canyon.</p><br>
<p>The Utah War was resolved in 1858 as colonel Thomas L. Kane, a respected man both among the Church members and among the federal troops, helped with negotiations. New governmental officials were set in place within the territory, including Alfred Cumming replacing Brigham Young as governor, and federal troops were staged 40 mi outside of Salt Lake City, at Camp Floyd. When the American Civil War arose in 1861, the army was forced to abandon their encampment and leave. This turned out to advantage the Church members, as the army sold many of their supplies to them at a very low cost.</p><br>
<p>Gamble Mill, also known as Lamb Mill, Thomas Mill, Wagner Mill, and Bellefonte Flouring Mill, is an historic grist mill located at Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Located in the Bellefonte Historic District, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1894, Gamble Mill is a three-and-one-half-story brick building that was erected on a limestone foundation. There have been two, one-story brick additions.</p><br>
<p>This historic structure features a stepped gable, with a full gabled attic. It replaced a mill that had been built on this site in 1786, but was destroyed by fire in 1892. The mill ceased being used for grinding grain in 1947.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It is located in the Bellefonte Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Brockerhoff Mill, also known as Roopsburg Mill, is a historic grist mill located at Benner Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built about 1862, and is a four-story brick building on a limestone foundation. It measures 56 feet by 40 feet, and has a gable roof. Also on the property are the remains of the mill race.</p><br>
<p>The mill was built by Henry Brockerhoff (1794-1878), who also built the Brockerhoff Hotel.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Centre Mills is a historic grist mill located at Miles Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1802-1803, and is a two-story fieldstone building, with a basement and attic. It measures 44 feet, 10 inches, by 58 feet, and has a gable roof. Also on the property are a barn, stone house, and millers house. The stone house was built in 1813, and is a two-story stone dwelling, measuring 40 feet by 30 feet, with a two-story frame addition. It features a porch supported by Corinthian order columns. The millers house is a frame dwelling on a stone foundation. The stone house is operated as a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>Centre Mills Centre Co PA Mill 1.jpgFront of the mill</p><br>
<p>Centre Mills Centre Co PA 2.jpgRear of the mill</p><br>
<p>Simon Pickle Stone House is a historic home located at Miles Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1833, and is a -story sandstone building, with a -story kitchen wing. It has a two-story, frame store and summer kitchen addition built about 1850. The house was remodeled between 1911 and 1920.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>Stone Pickle House Madisonburg PA.jpgView from south</p><br>
<p>Stone Pickle House Madisonburg PA 3.jpgView from east</p><br>
<p>Stone Pickle House Madisonburg PA 4.jpgView from southwest</p><br>
<p>The Reno School is a historic school building located at 4820 Howard Street NW, completed in 1903 to serve the needs of the Reno community in Washington, D.C. Like all public schools in the District at the time, it was segregated and served African American students in the area west of Rock Creek Park and north of Georgetown. The school was closed in 1950 after the Reno community was evicted to create Fort Reno Park and the adjacent Alice Deal Middle School.</p><br>
<p>Subsequently, the D.C. government converted the structure into a Civil Defense office and constructed antenna towers on its grounds. The building later was converted back into a school serving special education students, later called the Rose School after Rose Weintraub Alpher. After sitting abandoned for several decades, preservation groups succeeded in granting the structure historic designation in 2009 ahead of a planned renovation. In 2015, the historic building was restored and incorporated into a wing of the Deal School.</p><br>
<p>While the National Register of Historic Places listing refers to it as the Jesse Reno School contemporary accounts do not reference Civil War General Jesse L. Reno and no formal documentation has been found for this name. Newspapers instead refer to it as the "Reno School" or "Fort Reno School." The neighborhood was named after the fort, which was named after the general.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Reno was a subdivision of property that included a Civil War fort, in what was at the time the rural unincorporated areas of the District of Columbia. As suburbs around DC grew, an African American community developed from a few families and the Rock Creek Baptist Church into a sizable neighborhood, with many school-aged children. The growing population put pressure on the school African American children attended, the Grant Road School, located roughly on the site of the current Murch Elementary School. Representatives of the community appealed to school board officials for a new building, citing an enrollment of 156 with facilities for only 74.</p><br>
<p>In 1902, the United States Senate passed an appropriation to purchase the building&#39;s site, on the report that 83 of 112 anticipated pupils lived in Reno. It was designed by municipal architect Snowden Ashford in 1902. Construction on the building began in the summer of 1903 and was submitted as complete on October 26, 1903. Grading, utility connection, and other work to complete the school was not completed for several months afterward.</p><br>
<p>The school became a center of the Reno neighborhood for African Americans. In addition to educating the communitys children, it hosting meetings of social groups and its citizens association. It held eight classrooms originally, later converted into four. The building was fully occupied until 1926, when the first purchases of adjacent land for a white-only junior high school, now Alice Deal Middle School, began. By 1950, the African American population in the area had been reduced to the point that the school had only six pupils. The District of Columbia School board ended instruction at the building that year.</p><br>
<p>D.C. Public Schools would remain segregated until 1954, when the United States Supreme Court ruled separate but equal doctrine unconstitutional in Bolling v. Sharpe, a companion case to Brown v. Board of Education that dealt specifically with the federal, rather than state, jurisdiction of the District of Columbia.</p><br>
<p>The Methodist Cemetery is an historic cemetery, located at Murdock Mill Road, between River Road, and 42nd Street, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Tenleytown neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>It is located behind the Eldbrooke United Methodist Church, also on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was established in 1855, behind Mount Zion Methodist, renamed Eldbrooke United Methodist Church, and now The City Church.</p><br>
<p>It was listed in the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites in 2008 and the NRHP since September 5, 2008.</p><br>
<p>The Grant Road Historic District is located in the Tenleytown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The two-block historic district is what remains of a former settlement in rural Washington County in the District of Columbia. It includes 13 contributing buildings and the road itself, a narrow remnant of a country road that was used by soldiers in the Civil War. Following the war, the road was named after Civil War general and President Ulysses S. Grant. Grant Road developed into a residential street lined with mostly small, two-story homes for working-class people.</p><br>
<p>As the surrounding area developed, Grant Road retained its rural character. Segments of the road were separated for large scale development of middle-class homes. Many of the homes that once lined Grant Road were demolished in the process. After a large, prominent house on the corner of Grant Road and Albemarle Street was demolished in 1999, residents sought historic landmark status for their properties. The historic district was added to the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites in 2002 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The buildings date from the 1860s to 1900s. Residential styles employed include the I-house, Italianate boxes, and side and front gabled folk house forms. A former post office and general store are also located on Wisconsin Avenue.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The Grant Road Historic District is located on the 4400 and 4500 blocks of Grant Road NW in the Tenleytown neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The 4400 block begins north of Tenley Circle at the intersection with Wisconsin Avenue, then crosses Fort Drive. Nebraska Avenue divides the two blocks. The 4500 block begins at the junction of 39th Street, Albemarle Street, and Grant Street, then proceeds northeast to the intersection with Brandywine Street. The historic district ends at this intersection, but this portion of Grant Road extends for another half block. Nebraska Avenue separates Grant Street from a one block portion further northeast between Cumberland and Davenport Streets. There are two additional stretches of Grant Road further east: two blocks between 30th and 32nd Streets, and an unnumbered portion between Broad Branch Road and Ridge Road that passes through Rock Creek Park.</p><br>
<p>The historic district includes the road itself and 13 contributing buildings, one of which is a commercial building on Wisconsin Avenue. The remaining buildings are single-family homes on Grant Road: homes on the north side of the 4400 block and south side of the 4500 block. There are several non-contributing houses on the 4500 block that were built in the mid-20th century. The 4500 block of Grant Road is narrow at only 33 feet (10 m) wide, which is around half the standard width of streets in the city, and does not have a sidewalk or street furniture. The buildings on the 4400 block include the commercial building fronting Wisconsin Avenue and three homes on a small ridge.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>18th and 19th centuries</h3><br>
<p>Around 1795, blacksmith John Tennally opened a small tavern at the intersection of present-day Wisconsin Avenue and River Road, which were former Native American footpaths. Around a dozen families soon moved to the area, forming a village called Tennallytown, the second oldest settlement in present-day Washington, D.C. The village became a stagecoach stop for people traveling between Georgetown and Maryland. In the 1791 plan for the new federal City of Washington, the village was included in the citys boundary. Due to its distance from the city center, Tenallytown would remain a small rural village in Washington County for many years. The villages name gradually changed to the present spelling, Tenleytown.</p><br>
<p>In 1805 present-day Wisconsin Avenue became a toll road and was later macadamized in the late 1810s and early 1820s. The village continued to grow in the 1800s, with a church, school, houses, and other businesses built near the tavern. By the 1850s the stagecoach service had ended due to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the village was connected to rural communities to its east by a country lane that was called New Cut Road or Road from Turnpike to Broad Branch.</p><br>
<p>During the Civil War farmland in the surrounding area was seized by the federal government after the Union Army was defeated at the First Battle of Bull Run. The government built Fort Reno, one of 68 fortifications built to defend the city, on the citys highest natural point of 409 feet (125 m). New Cut Road was just south of Fort Reno and was used by soldiers to traverse between other forts. During the war Thomas Paxton reportedly constructed three houses on the present-day 4400 block of Grant Road. It is believed to be the same houses that stand there today. One of these homes, 4434 Grant Road NW, also known as the Tenant House, was possibly built as a tenant house for The Rest, an early 18th century house at 39th Street and Windom Place which is the neighborhoods oldest residence.</p><br>
<p>Two schools were also built during the war. A school for white children stood on a hill overlooking the road and a school for black children was farther east, near the roads intersection with present-day Broad Branch Road. After the war New Cut Road was renamed in honor of General Ulysses S. Grant. Due to development that resulted from Fort Reno, the areas population increased and Grant Road became a residential street and important part of the village&#39;s growth.</p><br>
<p>The last quarter of the 19th century saw gradual development on Grant Road and the surrounding farmland area. The land where Fort Reno stood became a predominantly black neighborhood called Reno City. German, Irish, and Italian immigrants moved to Tenleytown, building their houses and opening a variety of shops. The area became a working class village, with two-story frame houses lining streets on the east side of Wisconsin Avenue. Most of the buildings in the historic district date from this period. The commercial building at 4425 Wisconsin Avenue NW, the oldest surviving commercial building in the neighborhood, was constructed in 1887 by John J. ODay. It originally served as the ODay General Store and Tenleytown Post Office. The house at 3837 Albemarle Street NW was reportedly built near the Old Naval Observatory in the mid 19th century, but relocated in the 1890s. Six surviving homes along the 4500 block of Grant Road were built between 1890 and 1894.</p><br>
<p>During the 1890s a streetcar line was installed along Wisconsin Avenue, linking the village with Georgetown and resulting in further development. The population of Tenleytown increased from 731 to 1,127 between 1892 and 1897 and large amounts of homes and shops were built along Wisconsin Avenue and the surrounding streets. In 1894 there were over 30 buildings on the 4400 and 4500 blocks of Grant Road. The road played such an important role in local development that a 1899 article in the Evening Star said that if Tenleytown was a hand, Grant Road was its thumb "with twisting and turning knuckles, grabbed onto by more than its shares of houses."</p><br>
<h3>20th and 21st centuries</h3><br>
<p>By 1900 there were six churches, several schools, and a firehouse in Tenleytown, along with a variety of specialty businesses including a restaurant, grocery shops, pharmacy, butcher shop, and dry goods store. President Theodore Roosevelt would ride his horse through the area as he made his way from the White House to his nearby hunting lodge. He reportedly stopped at the house at 4426 Grant Road NW on at least two occasions to take the children for a horseback ride. The two 20th century houses in the historic district, 4547 and 4555 Grant Road NW, were built during this period in 1908.</p><br>
<p>During the 1910s real estate developers purchased large amounts of land in the area to build middle-class homes for white residents. These projects didn&#39;t succeed until after World War I when developers Harry Kite and Samuel Kite Jr. led development east of Wisconsin Avenue, inspired by the success of nearby upper middle class subdivisions such as Chevy Chase, Cleveland Park, and Friendship Heights. These developments changed the demographics of Tenleytown from a working class village to middle-class neighborhood, and Reno City was demolished beginning in 1928. The developments also led to new roads being cut through the area. Wisconsin Avenue was widened in 1919 to accommodate streetcars and automobiles, and Albemarle Street was extended from Reno Road to Wisconsin Avenue. When Albemarle Street was extended in 1931, three houses on Grant Road were demolished and two were moved, including 3837 Albemarle Street NW. The houses on the 4400 block of Grant Road also lost their rear yards when Albemarle Street was extended.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the Albemarle Street extension, there was significant changes to Grant Road during the 1930s. Tenley Circle was paved in 1936, becoming a busy intersection for busses and streetcars, 39th Street was extended to Albemarle Street, and the diagonal Nebraska Avenue was created to link Tenleytown with Connecticut Avenue. Several houses were demolished in the process and in 1937 C. Harold Gray wrote: "Tenleytown was the nucleus of an extensive country road net which has since largely disappeared...In extending Washington&#39;s straight streets through the community, many of the buildings were removed and its appearance changed almost beyond recognition."</p><br>
<p>There were also large developments that changed the character of the neighborhood. Woodrow Senior High and Deal Junior High were built, a reservoir and water tower were built on the Fort Reno site, and the National Capital Planning Commission planned a scenic drive that would connect Civil War era forts. To build this scenic road, named Fort Reno Drive, several houses on Grant Road were demolished. The plan was approved by the neighborhood&#39;s new middle class residents, who thought the older buildings were unattractive and hurt the value of their own properties, but the project was later cancelled.</p><br>
<p>After Nebraska Avenue was completed, homes were built along the road in the 1940s. The rear of these homes face the north side of the 4500 block of Grant Road. In the 1950s and 1960s some of the lots on the south side of the 4500 block of Grant Road were divided to accommodate construction of new homes. These mid to late 20th century homes on each side of the block are considered noncontributing to the historic district, but due to the deep lots of the Nebraska Avenue properties, Grant Road kept the appearance of a rural country road.</p><br>
<p>After Metro&#39;s Tenleytown station opened in the 1980s, there was significant development in the neighborhood. In the 1990s there were calls for higher density housing to be built close to the Metro station. This was welcomed by locals, but they wanted this new housing to be built along major roads like Wisconsin Avenue. In 1999 the large house on the northwest corner of Albemarle Street and Grant Road was demolished and replaced with condominiums. The house had been built in 1890 for Dr. John W. Chappell and included a large garden. It was considered one of the nicest buildings on Grant Road and its demolition was protested by area residents.</p><br>
<p>The people who lived in the remaining houses on Grant Road took notice and sought to protect their properties from demolition. Following a historic landmark designation process, the 4400 and 4500 blocks of Grant Road and its 13 remaining historic buildings were added to the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites on April 21, 2002, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 3, 2004. The Grant Road Historic District was the first historic district in the city to include just a single street. In 2017 a mural depicting some of Tenleytown&#39;s history and landmarks was painted on the side of 4425 Wisconsin Avenue NW.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The two-story stucco and stone commercial building at 4425 Wisconsin Avenue NW is one of several buildings in the historic district designed in the Italianate style. The building is two-stories and three bays wide with a sloped roof. It originally included a projecting storefront but that was later replaced with the current show window. The building&#39;s main entrance is on Wisconsin Avenue, but the side door facing Grant Road originally served as a second entrance.</p><br>
<p>The Italianate two-story house at 4426 Grant Road NW, also listed as 3926 Albemarle Street NW, is historically known as the Burrows House. This is one of three houses reportedly built by Thomas Paxton in the 1860s and all are set slightly higher than street level. The building is three bays wide and features a gabled roof. The stone chimney, stone retaining wall, and stone columns supporting the one-story porch were reportedly quarried from local stones by W. Tyson Burrow in the 1880s. There is a one-story garage facing Albemarle Street. The house at 4430 Grant Road NW was designed in the vernacular Italianate style and is historically known as the Parks-Conner House. It is a two-story frame building with two bays and a bracketed cornice. The one-story wrap-around porch includes decorative elements. The vernacular Tenant House at 4434 Grant Road NW is believed to be the oldest of the three houses. Stucco covers the two-story, three-bay-wide frame building. There is a central chimney, gabled roof, and one-story porch. The original decorative porch included gingerbread detailing.</p><br>
<p>The first house on the next block is 3837 Albemarle Street NW, historically known as the Christian-Curran House. It is sited at the intersection of 39th Street, Albemarle Street, and Grant Road. The L-shaped building was designed in the vernacular Italianate style and is two bays wide with a hipped roof and one-story wrap-around porch. The Italianate house at 3831 Albemarle Street NW is historically known as the Poore House. The frame building is three bays wide and features a one-story porch.</p><br>
<p>The Hesterberg House at 4537 Grant Road NW was designed in the vernacular Greek Revival style. The rectangular building is two-and-a-half stories, three bays wide, four bays deep, and is connected to a one-story addition. The house at 4543 Grant Road NW is historically known as the Admiral&#39;s House. The house was originally two-story, L-shaped, and two bays wide, but was renovated into a -story, four-bay-wide Colonial Revival building with a small porch. The Folk Victorian house at 4547 Grant Road NW is historically known as the Cottage. The house is a two-story frame building, two bays wide, and its original one-story porch includes decorative elements. The Voight House at 4555 Grant Road NW was designed in the Italianate style. It is two-stories, two bays wide, with a one-story side porch.</p><br>
<p>The house at 4561 Grant Road NW, also known as the Payne House, is another two-story, two-bay wide Italianate house. It includes the original porch with decorative elements. The vernacular I-house at 4565 Grant Road NW is two-stories and three bays wide with a small porch. The last house in the historic district, 3812 Brandywine Street NW, is also two-stories and three bays wide. It was designed in the Italianate style and includes a small porch.</p><br>
<h2>Table of contributing buildings</h2><br>
<p>Benedictine Hall is located on the Green Campus of Oklahoma Baptist University in Shawnee, Oklahoma. It was the central feature of the now-closed St. Gregorys University , housing its administration, library and most of its classes. Designed by St. Louis architect Victor Klutho, the facility opened in the fall of 1915.</p><br>
<p>St. Gregory&#39;s College grew from the Sacred Heart Mission in Sacred Heart, Oklahoma. Established in 1876 in what was then called Indian Territory, the mission school considered moving to a more populated area in the 1890s. After a 1901 fire that destroyed much of what was then called the "Catholic University of Oklahoma", the decision was made to move the high school and college to Shawnee, 35 mi to the north. Viktor Klutho was hired to design the new facility. A specialist in Tudor revival architecture, Klutho designed a massive five-story brick building to combine church, school and abbey in a single edifice, opening to 40 boys in the fall term of 1915. This served until the 1940s when a new church was built nearby, and in the 1950s the abbey moved to a new campus adjoining the school. In the 1960s the school discontinued high school education and admitted women to the college.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The college required a fireproof structure, so the new school was built of reinforced concrete, and surplus railroad rails from the Rock Island Railroad used in the foundation. The concrete walls were faced with brick, with stone accents. The building is a solid rectangle with a footprint of 260 ft by 90 ft. The central portion of the building is expressed as a battlemented tower, four stories high over a raised basement, with slender corner turrets. From the main mass on either side extend four-story wings on raised basements, accented by projecting three-story oriel bays. The top of the wing is accentuated by a segmental balustrade.</p><br>
<p>The main level contained administrative offices and the main entry. The second floor was occupied by the library. The third floor was classroom space and the fourth floor was reserved for science laboratories and classrooms. The large space within the fifth floor tower was originally a gymnasium, now a lecture hall. The basement housed support facilities. In 1967, a proposal to demolish the building was rejected due to the potential costs to raze such a solid structure. It was renovated, adding a T-section concrete stair tower to the exterior of the west side.</p><br>
<h2>2011 Oklahoma earthquake</h2><br>
<p>Benedictine Hall was damaged by the 2011 Oklahoma earthquake. One turret collapsed immediately following the quake. In the days that followed the earthquake, one of the turrets had to be pushed down, and the other two were removed brick by brick.</p><br>
<p>More than 3,400 donors from around the world contributed roughly $2.5 million to help the school reconstruct the turrets.</p><br>
<p>Timberlake Construction and Advanced Masonry, both of Oklahoma City, were charged with the task of rebuilding the turrets – this time with steel "bones" that could withstand an earthquake.</p><br>
<p>The decorative aspects of the towers were faithfully recreated. The brick was matched to the rest of the building, and the grotesques and shields that were part of the original gothic architecture were molded in the exact image of their predecessors. The new turrets were officially blessed during Homecoming on November 9, 2013.</p><br>
<h2>Sale of the building</h2><br>
<p>In December of 2018 the sale to Hobby Lobby of the Shawnee campus of St. Gregory&#39;s University, including Benedictine Hall, was approved by the bankruptcy court. The campus was leased to Oklahoma Baptist University, a private Christian liberal arts university in Shawnee. In May of 2019, OBU renamed the tract as the OBU Green Campus, both in honor of the Green family, owners of Hobby Lobby, and because the color green is one of OBU’s official university colors. In December of 2019, Hobby Lobby and the Green family donated the campus to OBU.</p><br>
<h2>Historic listing</h2><br>
<p>As part of the former St. Gregory’s Abbey and College, Benedictine Hall is on the National Register of Historic Places listings in Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma.</p><br>
<p>The Klein Meetinghouse is an historic Dunkard  meetinghouse that is located in Harleysville, Pennsylvania. Built in 1843, it is the second oldest congregation of the Brethren in the United States, and was established in this area in 1720 when Peter Becker, who led the Brethren to America in 1714, built this meetinghouse. The adjoining cemetery contains Becker&#39;s remains.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>The historic site is located on Maple Avenue in Harleysville, next to the Indian Valley YMCA.</p><br>
<p>Mayfair Mansions Apartments are historic structures in the Mayfair neighborhood of the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C. The garden apartments were built between 1942 and 1946 and were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Mayfair Mansions were the project of radio evangelist Lightfoot Solomon Michaux. Albert I. Cassell, one of Washington&#39;s first professionally trained African American architects, designed the three-story buildings in the Colonial Revival style. They are among the first federally subsidized housing projects for African Americans in the United States. The complex was built on the former location of the Benning Race Track. The initial 571 units are now divided into two separate properties: Mayfair Mansions III composed of 160 units and another composed of the remaining 411 units. Mayfair Mansions III underwent a major renovation in 2011 and the other property was rehabilitated for $48 million in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Langston Terrace Dwellings are historic structures located in the Langston portion of the Carver/Langston neighborhoods in the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C. The apartments were built between 1935 and 1938 and they were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Langston Terrace was the first federally funded housing project in Washington, D.C., and one of the first four in the United States. It was part of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Public Works Administration and was named in honor of John Mercer Langston, a 19th-century American abolitionist and attorney who founded Howard University Law School, and served as a USA congressman from Virginia. The project cost the government $1.8 million and rooms were available for $6 per month or $4.50 per month without utilities. The complex was co-designed by Bauhaus-trained Washington architect Hilyard Robinson and Los Angeles-based architect Paul Revere Williams in the International Style. The site planning and landscape design were completed by landscape architect David Williston. Unlike Techwood Homes, the first public housing project in the USA, Langston was open to African American families. Langston Terrace is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Much like Aberdeen Gardens in Virginia, also designed by the famed African American architect Hilyard Robinson, the 274-unit complex was constructed primarily by African American laborers. The garden style apartment buildings were built around common areas (mews). Daniel Gillette Olneys The Progress of the Negro Race is a terra-cotta frieze located in the central courtyard. The frieze depicts African American history from slavery to World War I migration. Olneys Madonna and Children is located in the same courtyard. Concrete animal sculptures located in the courtyard also serve as climbing structures for children.</p><br>
<p>Dahlgreen Courts is a historic structure located in the Brookland neighborhood in the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C. The complex is made up of two buildings that contain 96 units. They were designed by George T. Santmyers and they were completed in stages between 1927 and 1929. The complex was listed on both the District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites and on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<p>The Roosevelt Apartment Building is an historic structure located in the Capitol Hill neighborhood in the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C.</p><br>
<p>The building is a multiple-family double row-house that was built as a middle-class dwelling. C. Graham, & Son designed the Late Victorian building, which was completed in 1898.</p><br>
<p>The structure exemplifies apartment building evolution from the vernacular row-house form. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Starrsville is an unincorporated community in an exurban area 5.4 mi southeast of Covington, Newton County, Georgia, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Starrsville was founded by the Starr and Epps families in 1821 and is mentioned as early as the 1820s for its "good schools". The post office opened in 1836.</p><br>
<p>Young John Allen, the Methodist missionary, attended high school here. Warren Akin Candler (of the Coca-Cola Candlers) described Allens conversion to Christianity while attending high school at Looneys school in Starrsville in September 1853.</p><br>
<p>The Central of Georgia Railway arrived in 1890 and the area came to be known as New Starrsville.</p><br>
<p>In 1900 Starsville had a population of 57, with a "money order post office... several good stores, and express office and (sic) does some shipping".</p><br>
<p>In 1909 Starrsville was noted for its brick plant.</p><br>
<p>The post office closed in 1976. The area is now in the midst of the exurban development of the Covington area which is part of Metro Atlanta.</p><br>
<p>Starrsville contains the Starrsville Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. In addition to the historic buildings in the Historic District there is also a Starrsville Plantation (now hosting events) and both Starrsville and Epps cemeteries in the area.</p><br>
<p>The Harmony Forge Mansion is an historic home and property which is located in Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Originally the site of the Harmony Forge/Milesburg Iron Works, today the Harmony Forge Mansion survives, along with a large antique barn and a number of other outbuildings.</p><br>
<p>Although the mansion was built between 1810 and 1820 by Joseph Miles, the Harmony Forge property dates back to the 1790s. The site is a landmark of the charcoal iron industry that prospered in Central Pennsylvania following the conclusion of the Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<p>The iron forge was erected in 1795, on property purchased by Colonel Samuel Miles. Construction was supervised by ironmaster John Dunlop and the firm of Miles, Patton and Miles. The construction of the mansion followed sometime thereafter, and can be dated to sometime between 1796 and 1820.</p><br>
<p>Colonel Miles never settled in Centre County, instead sending his sons John and Joseph to manage the forge and lay out the town of "Milesborough", now Milesburg, circa 1793.</p><br>
<p>This property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Felix Dale Stone House, also known as the L.R. Parks House, is a historic home located at College Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1823, and is a two-story, five-bay, Georgian styled stone farmhouse with a gable roof. It features two front entrances with a hipped roof porch. The interior has a center hall plan and features finely crafted woodwork.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Gen. John Thompson House is a historic home located at College Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1813–1814, and is a two-story, three-bay, Georgian style limestone and sandstone farmhouse with stone kitchen ell. The interior has a traditional center hall plan. A large one-story board-and-batten sided family room addition was built in 1958–1959. Also on the property is a large barn dated to the American Civil War period.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The Maj. Jared B. Fisher House is an historic, American home that is located in Gregg Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, USA.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1856, this historic structure is a 2½-story, five-bay, brick building with a gable roof. It has a rear kitchen wing with an attached brick, summer kitchen. The building reflects an eclectic combination of Greek Revival and Gothic Revival style architecture.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>Major Jared B Fisher House 2.jpg</p><br>
<p>The William Allison House is an historic American home that is located in Gregg Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1880, this historic structure is a three-story, rectangular, brick building that measures forty-two feet across and thirty-two feet deep. It was designed in the Victorian Gothic style. A two-story frame rear extension was built in 1890. It features a steep roof and has a variety of gable ends, bargeboards, and windows.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>Penns Cave House is an historic, American structure. Used as a hotel from 1885 into the early 1900s, it is part of the Penns Cave & Wildlife Park that is located in Gregg Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. Now used strictly for the offices of Penn&#39;s Cave, Inc., it has not offered overnight or hotel accommodations since 1919.</p><br>
<p>This property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Penns Cave property includes seven contributing buildings, one contributing site (the cave), and two contributing structures. Penns Cave House was built in 1885, and is a three-story, seven-bay, frame building with a high mansard roof. It sits on a limestone foundation. It was extensively remodeled in 1938, and again in 1960. A one-story, rear wing was added in 1962, and was a coffee shop for cave visitors until 1980, when the Penn&#39;s Cave Visitors Center was built and opened. In 1980, it became a private residence. Its upper floors are used for corporate offices, private meetings and special events.</p><br>
<p>The cave is a popular tourist attraction and features a natural curiosity with its Trenton (or Beekmantown) limestone formations. The cave measures approximately 1,300 feet in length; the height of the cave roof measures up to fifty-five feet above the surface of the stream which is three to five feet deep throughout the cave. The temperature within the cave remains a constant fifty-two degrees Fahrenheit year round. Penn&#39;s Cave Airport is located adjacent to the park.</p><br>
<p>This property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Controversies</h2><br>
<p>Eighteen of the twenty-one white tailed deer that were born at Penns Cave in 2020 died. In 2021, Penns Cave was fined by the USDA for the deaths of thirty-four white tailed deer, eleven of which were shot. Although several of the deer were killed for "looking sick," there was no prior notification of, or consultation with, a veterinarian as legally required.</p><br>
<p>Christian Bechdel II House is a historic home located at Liberty Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1831, and is a two-story, five bay rectangular brick building measuring 42 ft, across and 32 ft, deep in the Georgian style architecture. The front facade features a Palladian window in the central bay of the second story. It has a medium pitch, gable roof and a center hall plan interior.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The Edward Morgan Log House is a historic house built c. 1770. It is located at 850 Weikel Rd. in Towamencin Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Six-hundred acres, including the house site, was granted by the Commissioners of William Penn to Griffith Jones, a merchant, on February 12, 1702. Edward Morgan bought 309 acres of that land on February 26, 1708. An unspecified "dwelling house" was part of the purchase, though Morgan appears to have been the first settler to live on the property. Morgan came to Pennsylvania in 1698 and settled north of the area&#39;s main Welsh settlement in Gwynedd. In 1720 his daughter Sarah married Squire Boone, and ten years later, the couple moved to Berks County, where Daniel Boone was born in 1734. Other descendants of Edward Morgan include Daniel Morgan, Lowell Thomas, and Walter L. Morgan.</p><br>
<p>In 1723, Edward Morgan deeded 104 acres, including the house, to his son John Morgan, who sold the property to Evan David in 1741. John Yeakel, a Schwenkfelder, bought the property in 1770 and then sold 82 acres to Yellis Cassel, a Mennonite, in 1774. The property stayed in the Cassel family for 99 years until Frederick Bower bought the house along with 62 acres. After several other owners, William Nash bought the house and 17 acres in 1965, and planned to develop and subdivide the land. The house was condemned in 1967, but was recognized as a historic structure the same year and an organization was formed to save it from demolition. Towamencin Township bought the house along with 1.7 acres in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Welsh Valley Preservation Society now operates tours of the Morgan Log House.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house has two-and-a-half stories, with a center chimney. It was constructed of white oak logs with notched corners and chinked with diagonally placed stones. A pent roof runs around three sides of the house, and the gable ends were covered in vertical sheathing. The original interior is well preserved, including original hand wrought hardware and a large central fireplace.</p><br>
<p>By 1976, the floor plan was restored to three rooms on the first floor, with a spring room in the partial basement, three rooms on the second floor, and an undivided attic.</p><br>
<p>The McAllister-Beaver House is an historic, American home that is located in Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>Built circa 1850, this historic structure is a large, two-story, five-bay, rectangular, limestone building, which measures forty-two feet, four inches across and thirty-four feet, two inches, deep. Designed in the Georgian style, it has a low pitch, gable roof and a center hall plan interior. A rear kitchen ell was added in 1913. It was home to two prominent residents: Hugh N. McAllister, one of the founders of the Pennsylvania State University, and Gov. James A. Beaver.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Miles-Humes House, also known as the Potter Home, is a historic home located at Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania. It currently serves as the Centre County Library & Historical Museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Miles-Humes house was originally built circa 1814-1816 for Captain Joseph Miles, the co-founder of both Milesburg, Pennsylvania and the Centre Furnace Iron Works. He sold the house in 1830 to William Wilson Potter and his wife, Lucy, who continued to reside in the house after William&#39;s death in 1839. She lived in the house alone until she convinced her niece, Lucy Alexander, and nephew-in-law, Edward Humes, to move in with her.</p><br>
<p>After Edward Humes death in 1895, his children William Potter Humes and Ann Elmira Humes took up ownership of the house and decided to renovate it. The Humes siblings remodeled the house extensively, including moving the entire house several feet from the street. The house stayed in the Humes family until Anns death in 1934, when she donated the house for use as a public library. The house officially opened as the Centre County Library in 1939. In 1977, the main library collection moved across the street. The house continues to serve as a specialized local history and genealogical reference library known as the Pennsylvania Room on the first floor, a small local museum, and administrative offices for the library.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Miles-Humes House is a -story, five bay rectangular limestone building in the Georgian style architecture. It has a low pitch, gable roof and three dormer windows. In 1896, the house was moved 12 feet from the street and elevated 4 feet off the ground in order to add on new porches to the front and side of the building. The north wing was also removed and replaced with a three-story addition to the back of the house.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The William Thomas House, also known as Wren&#39;s Nest and the Thomas Homestead, is an historic, American home that is located in Bellefonte, Centre County, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<h2>History and architectural features</h2><br>
<p>This historic structure consists of three sections: an L-shaped stone house that was built, and a two-story, five-bay rectangular, limestone house that was designed in the Georgian style. The first section was built using eighteenth-century stone construction methods; the latter section was built in 1834. The third area, which was also created in 1834, was added to "tie the two sections together."</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
